Caractérisation de nanoparticules d'argent biosynthétisées à partir des feuilles de Moringa oleifera Lam. et évaluation de leurs applications photocatalytiques et antibactériennes
Mots-clés :
biosynthèse verte, nanoparticules d’argent, Moringa oleifera Lam, photocatalyse, bleu de méthylène, activité antibactérienneRésumé
Cette étude porte sur la biosynthèse verte de nanoparticules d’argent (AgNPs) à partir de l’extrait aqueux des feuilles de Moringa oleifera Lam. et sur l’évaluation de leurs propriétés physicochimiques, photocatalytiques et antibactériennes. L’analyse phytochimique a révélé des teneurs élevées en polyphénols totaux (3035,22 mg EAG/100 g MS) et en flavonoïdes (782,12 mg EQ/100 g MS), susceptibles d’intervenir dans la réduction et la stabilisation des nanoparticules. La formation des AgNPs a été confirmée par les analyses UV-Visible, DRX, FTIR, MEB, EDX et DSC/TGA. Le diffractogramme DRX a mis en évidence une structure cristalline cubique à faces centrées caractéristique de l’argent métallique. Les observations MEB ont révélé des nanoparticules majoritairement sphériques dont la taille varie entre 15 et 32 nm. Le spectre UV-Visible a présenté une bande de résonance plasmonique de surface à 446 nm. Les essais photocatalytiques ont montré une dégradation d’environ 94 % du bleu de méthylène après 5 min d’irradiation lumineuse, témoignant d’une forte activité photocatalytique. Les AgNPs ont également présenté une activité antibactérienne contre Escherichia coli (12 mm) et Pseudomonas aeruginosa (10 mm), confirmant leur potentiel antimicrobien. Ces résultats démontrent le potentiel des nanoparticules d’argent biosynthétisées pour des applications environnementales et antimicrobiennes. Toutefois, des études complémentaires portant sur la cinétique photocatalytique, la distribution granulométrique et la détermination des paramètres microbiologiques sont nécessaires pour confirmer pleinement leurs performances.
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(c) Copyright Gérard Niasa Mata, Denis Bilasi Musengele, Trésor Ndonganzadi, Elie Biayi Mweze, Fifi Mulangala Muderhwa, Prince Bulola Iyambe, Paul Kavuna Mahuku, Odon Nkole Mukonkole, Didier Makinga Kandongo, Louis Komanda Kalabo Kikontwe, Joseph K’Ekuboni Malongwe, Pascal Maziana Disa-Disa, Jérémie Lunguya Muswema, Omer Muamba Mvele, Gracien Bakambo Ekoko (Auteur) 2026
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