Multidimensional analysis of artisanal logging in Pay-Kongila: Socio-economic dynamics, customary governance and sustainability challenges

Abstract

This article analyzes the dynamics of artisanal timber harvesting in the Pay-Kongila sector (DRC), an area characterized by an annual deforestation rate of 0.50%. The problem lies in the contrast between an activity vital for local survival and the absence of a sustainable management framework, leading to accelerated resource degradation. The overall objective is to assess the organization, impacts, and governance of this sector in order to propose avenues for collaborative management. A mixed-methods approach was adopted, combining a literature review and a field survey of 120 stakeholders. Data were collected via the KoboCollect application and analyzed using SPSS software. The activity is predominantly male (89.2%), motivated by the lack of economic alternatives (33.3%). Access to the resource depends on customary authorities in 80% of cases, although a weakening of traditional prohibitions is observed. Milicia excelsa is the most sought-after species (44.2%), and transport is primarily carried out by floating timber down the Kwenge River (60. 8%).The results reveal a paradox: 97.5% of loggers perceive forest degradation and express support for logging quotas. The study concludes that a transition from monetized customary management to hybrid governance is necessary. A joint committee (state, chiefs, loggers), supported by 97.5% of respondents, is essential to ensure the sustainability of forest ecosystems.