Optimimising drinking water distribution systems through pressure modulation approach : Acase study of the Ngaliema sector (Kinshasa , RDC)
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Abstract
Efficient management of water supply networks is still an important challenge for developing countries, to guarantee water supply for a large part of the population, and preserve water and energy. The present work aims to explore optimal operational strategies for Kinshasa’s drinking water distribution system, a city facing significant water supply challenges due to an insufficient level of management. The study focuses on developing a hydraulic model for pressure monitoring, initiated by a comprehensive field measurement campaign to collect essential hydraulic parameters. These parameters were then used for the calibration and validation of the model, achieving a high correlation coefficient (r = 0.99) that accurately describes the hydraulic behaviour of the network. Subsequently, four distinct distribution scenarios were evaluated using the calibrated model. The most challenging scenario considering multiple pressure zones, an increasing population, and fire protection requirements produced favourable results, with flow velocities ranging from 0.5 m/s to 2 m/s and pressure levels between 2 and 6 bars. This approach exemplifies a data-driven and modelling-based strategy for pressure modulation, offering a valuable methodology for enhancing the performance and reliability of the water supply system in Kinshasa and similar urban contexts.
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