Comparative study of gender-based violence in two urban districts of Antananarico (3rd and 5th), Madagascar
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Abstract
This study examines gender-based violence (GBV) in the 3rd and 5th districts of Antananarivo, Madagascar, in relation to living standards and income. A quantitative survey was conducted in 2024 with 500 participants using a structured questionnaire. Results show a majority of female participants (93.94% in District 3, 89.27% in District 5) and significant economic vulnerability, with over 60% living below the poverty line and 65–70% earning less than 9,000 Ariary per month. Mixed forms of violence were the most reported (50.77% in District 3, 37.28% in District 5), followed by psychological and physical violence. Identified causes include unemployment, low education, drug use, social, and young age. Significant correlations (p<0.05) indicate that socioeconomic vulnerability increases exposure to GBV. Main consequences included isolation, injuries, and sleep disturbances. These findings highlight the urgent need for integrated prevention strategies and socioeconomic and psychosocial support to protect women and youth in urban Madagascar.
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